Abstract:After acid in-situ leaching mines decommissioning, there is still a small amount of uranium residue in the underground water within the mining area, which needs to be removed to restore the groundwater environment. One sulfur reducing bacteria (SRB) strain of Desulfovibrio vulgaris isolated and purified from a landfill site leachate, named GnLF21, was used to investigate the factors affecting its uranium removal capacity and the treatment efficiency for diluted raw groundwater. The results show that when the initial concentration of U6+ is 4 mg/L, pH value is 7.0, and initial concentration of SO42- is 1.0 mg/L, the uranium removal rate is 97.9%, 96.8% and 92.7%, respectively. Uranium removal rate at 96 h and 120 h is 77.74% and 80.73% respectively under the conditions including pH value of 4.5, SO42- concentration of ≤2 g/L, initial U6+ concentration of 1.87 mg/L, and GnLF21 inoculation amount of 20%. Desulfovibrio vulgaris GnLF21 can be used to carry out biological remediation of acidic uranium-containing wastewater.