Abstract:With the rapid development of the renewable energy industry, the demand for lithium-ion battery recycling has seen a surge. The black powder generated from the dismantling of lithium-ion batteries contains various valuable metals but also poses significant challenges due to the inclusion of toxic and difficult-to-handle fluorides. The development of efficient fluoride removal technologies is crucial for the sustainable development of the battery recycling industry. Aiming at the deep removal of fluoride from the leachate of battery black powder, using methyl trioctylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([N1,8,8,8][HSO4]) as extractant and tributyl phosphate (TPB) as co-extractant, the effects of acidity, temperature, extractant concentration, phase ratio (O/A, organic to aqueous), extraction time and the presence of different metal ions on fluorine extraction efficiency were investigated by solvent extraction method. Under the optimum conditions including pH value of 1.0, organic phase volume composition of 5% [N1,8,8,8][HSO4] + 25% TBP + 70% sulfonated kerosene, phase ratios of O/A=2︰1, and extraction time of seven minutes, a single-stage extraction efficiency of 50% is achieved. When sodium hydroxide is used as the stripping agent with concentration of 0.5 mol/L, and phase ratios of O/A=1:1 or 2:1, the efficient stripping of fluorine can be achieved. The extraction efficiency of fluoride from the leachate of battery black powder under optimized conditions was further validated through countercurrent simulation experiments, achieving a fluoride extraction efficiency of up to 99.7%.