Abstract:Conventional hydrometallurgical technology exists limitations such as slow reaction speed, low processing efficiency, high energy consumption and environmental pollution. To overcome these limitations, ultrasound technology, as an emerging means of hydrometallurgical enhancement, shows great potential for application due to its high efficiency and environmental friendly characteristics. This paper reviewed the application of ultrasound in hydrometallurgy, including its basic principles, mechanism of action, and active role in various aspects of flotation, mineral comminution, leaching, extraction, electrodeposition, adsorption/desorption processes, and synthesis of nanomaterials. Ultrasound accelerates leaching and improves metal extraction efficiency by enhancing the chemical reaction process, while reducing the use of chemical reagents and environmental pollution. In addition, ultrasound technology has a positive effect in improving product purity, crystal growth and sediment morphology. With the development of technology, ultrasound technology is expected to promote the development of hydrometallurgy industry in the direction of greener and more environmentally friendly.