Abstract:In order to study the contamination degree, risk and source of thallium (Tl) pollution in the soil of a typical smelting enterprise site, the soil of a smelting enterprise site in Sichuan was selected as the research object, Kriging interpolation, enrichment factor index (EF) and potential ecological risk index (E_r^i) were used to conduct Tl risk assessment, and the sources of heavy metals were analyzed by various analysis models. The results show that the average Tl content in the study area is 0.82 mg/kg, the EF is 2.21, predominantly indicating moderate contamination (2 storage area > transportation area. Tl concentrations in the production and storage areas rise with increase of depth. Tl content is higher in the depth of 6—9 m, while the soil Tl content is higher in the transport area. Combined with the principal component analysis, the results show that the source from smelting production activities has a great contribution to soil Tl accumulation.