Abstract:Taking the concentrated mining area of Pingxiang Coal mine in Jiangxi province as the study area, Pearson correlation analysis, statistics interpolation method, principal component analysis (PCA) and positive definite factor matrix decomposition (PMF) were used to analyze the correlation and spatial distribution characteristics of 7 heavy metal elements (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, AS, Cd and Pb) in the groundwater of the study area, and its source was analyzed. The results show that Mn, Zn, Cu, Cb, Cd and Cr in groundwater in the study area show strong variation degree, and As shows moderate variation degree; The spatial distribution of heavy metals is low in the southeast and high in the northwest, and the distribution characteristics of contaminated areas are planar, sheet or patchy. The analysis results of PCA and PMF show that heavy metals in groundwater are affected by four sources: discharge from industrial enterprises, leaching of coal gangue, geological origin, and discharge from farms and gas stations, and the main sources are discharge from industrial enterprises and leaching of coal gangue.