Abstract:To understand the potential impact of groundwater quality on health of residents in a rare earth mining area in southern Ganzhou, groundwater samples were taken from Xinfeng county, Anyuan county, Quannan and Xunwu county in Ganzhou according to the Standard of Groundwater Quality Evaluation (GB/T 14848—2017), the groundwater samples were selected and analyzed, and the groundwater quality in the study area was evaluated combined with entropy weight comprehensive index method and health risk assessment method. The results show that from 2018 to 2020, the average concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in groundwater are 0.08, 0.05 and 0.9 mg/L, and the average pH values are 6.58, 6.51 and 6.71, respectively. The excess rate of ammonia nitrogen concentration in Anyuan county is 4.5%, while there are no excess of ammonia nitrogen concentration in other areas. The results of entropy weight comprehensive index method show that the grade of groundwater quality in the study area is excellent, and the HQ values of non-carcinogenic health assessment of drinking water route are all within the standard limits.