Abstract:With rapid development of automobiles and new renewable energy, consumption of lead-acid batteries has maintained sustained growth over the past few years. Under the new dual-carbon policy, how to recycle waste lead-acid batteries with clean and low carbon methods is key to the sustainable and healthy development of lead recycling industry. Current status of lead recovery, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and combined processes of pyrometallurgy-hydrometallurgy were briefly reviewed. The technical characteristics and existing problems of main lead recovery technologies were also introduced and analyzed. Although the pyrometallurgical methods of lead recovery have issues of high energy consumption and purification of recovered lead, they are still the dominant industrial technology. The hydrometallurgy lead recovery process has gradually developed into three types of recovery of metallic lead, lead oxide, and dry-wet combined technology, which has the advantages of high lead recovery rates and clean processes. How to reduce consumption of chemical raw materials in wet recycling process, and enhance mass transfer and reaction speed during recycling process, have become the key issues to be urgently solved in the future.