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有色金属(冶炼部分):2021,(11):107-112
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应用于碱性土壤上重金属污染的超积累植物种植研究
王小平, 马延龙, 姚一铭, 刘晶晶
(甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第三地质矿产勘查院)
Hyperaccumulator Planting Applied for Heavy Metal Pollution in Alkaline Soil
WANG Xiao-ping, MA Yan-long, YAO Yi-ming, LIU Jing-jing
(The third Institute of Geology and mineral resources,Gansu Bureau of Geology and mineral resources exploration and development)
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投稿时间:2021-08-05     修订日期:2021-08-20     录用日期:2021-08-23     网络发布日期:2021-10-20
中文摘要: 以调查区的严格管控区土壤为研究对象,挑选了酸模、龙葵、月季、金盏菊、万寿菊、油牡丹、凤仙花7种植物进行了大田试验,考察超积累植物对土壤中Cd、Pb富集的影响。结果表明,不同植物体内或同种植物体内各部位重金属的含量存在较大差异;酸模、金盏菊、龙葵、月季地上部分重金属含量明显高于地下部分,说明重金属在这几种植物的茎叶里积累较多。金盏菊、凤仙花、万寿菊、龙葵对Cd的富集较强,有利于修复Cd污染的土壤。除凤仙花外,其他6种植物对Cd的转运系数均大于1,对Cd的转移能力由强到弱的顺序依次为酸模、金盏菊,龙葵、油牡丹、月季、万寿菊。就单株而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是酸模、金盏菊、万寿菊、月季;就每亩而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是金盏菊、酸模、月季、万寿菊。综合植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季在修复土壤重金属污染的同时还可兼顾提升经济效益,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。综上所述,从植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等综合考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季作为修复土壤重金属污染的同时兼顾提升经济,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。
Abstract:Taking soils in strict control area of survey area as research object, seven plants, i.e., rumex, solanum nigrum, rose, calendula, marigold, oil peony, and impatiens, were selected for field experiments to investigate effects of hyperaccumulator plants on accumulation of Cd and Pb in soil were investigated. The results show that there are great differences in contents of heavy metals in different plants or different parts of the same plants. Contents of heavy metals in aboveground part of rumex, calendula, solanum nigrum and rose are significantly higher than that in underground part, indicating that heavy metals accumulate more in stems and leaves of these plants. Calendula, impatiens, marigold and solanum nigrum have strong enrichment of Cd, which is beneficial to restoration of Cd contaminated soil. Except impatiens, transport coefficient of other six plants to Cd is greater than one, and sequence of Cd transfer ability from strong to weak is rumex, calendula, solanum nigrum, oil peony, rose and marigold. For a single plant, the sequence of accumulated biomass from large to small is rumex, calendula, marigold and rose; and for one Mu (666.7 m2), the sequence of accumulated biomass from large to small is marigold, rumex, rose and marigold. Comprehensive considering enrichment coefficient of plants for heavy metals, transport coefficient of plants, biomass of whole plant, and economic value of plants, using of marigold, calendula and rose as heavy metal remediation plants can not only restore heavy metal pollution in soils, but also improve economic benefits. As a heavy metal remediation plant, rumex can effectively reduce contents of Cd and Pb, sorbum can be promoted and applied in heavy metal pollution remediation of alkaline arable land, it can be popularized and applied to remediation of heavy metals pollution in alkaline cultivated land.
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基金项目:国家土壤污染治理专项资金资助项目(A9920190301000002001)
引用文本:
王小平,马延龙,姚一铭,刘晶晶.应用于碱性土壤上重金属污染的超积累植物种植研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2021(11):107-112.
WANG Xiao-ping,MA Yan-long,YAO Yi-ming,LIU Jing-jing.Hyperaccumulator Planting Applied for Heavy Metal Pollution in Alkaline Soil[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2021(11):107-112.

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