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投稿时间：2020-10-22 修订日期：2020-10-31 录用日期：2020-11-02 网络发布日期：2021-01-21
投稿时间：2020-10-22 修订日期：2020-10-31 录用日期：2020-11-02 网络发布日期：2021-01-21
中文摘要: 废阴极炭块是铝电解槽大修时产生的危险固体废弃物，由于长期受到电解质的侵蚀而含有大量可溶性氟化物，堆存或填埋处理将造成严重的环境污染。主要研究了废阴极炭块中氟化钠的浸出动力学，揭示了温度、粒度、液固比等因素对铝电解废阴极炭块中氟化钠浸出的影响。结果表明：在液固比25 mL/g、温度85 ℃、粒度0.058~0.075 mm的条件下浸出1 h，可溶氟浸出率可达98.9%，浸出渣中可溶氟含量为83.53 mg/L，低于100 mg/L的安全排放标准，可实现废阴极炭块的无害化处理；浸出过程符合固体膜层内扩散控制的收缩核模型，表观活化能为8.97 kJ/mol。
Abstract:Waste cathode carbon block is a hazardous solid waste produced during overhaul of aluminum electrolytic cells. It contains a large amount of soluble fluoride due to long-term erosion of electrolyte. Storage or landfill treatment will cause serious environmental pollution. Leaching kinetics of sodium fluoride in waste cathode carbon block was studied to reveal influence of temperature, particle size, and L/S on sodium fluoride leaching rate. The results show that soluble fluorine leaching rate is 98.9% when L/S is 25 mL/g, temperature is 85 ℃, and particle size is 0.058—0.075 mm, time is 1 hour. Soluble fluorine content in leaching residue is 83.53 mg/L, which is lower than that of the safety emission standard of 100 mg/L, and realizes harmless treatment of waste cathode carbon blocks. Leaching process conforms to shrinking core model of diffusion control in solid film with apparent activation energy of 8.97 kJ/mol.
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基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2018BDE02050)
| 作者 | 单位 | |
| 刘风琴* | 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 | liufq@ustb.edu.cn |
| 杨新 | 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 | ustbyangxin@163.com |
| 张拥军 | 平罗中兴碳素有限公司 | |
| 李荣斌 | 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 | |
| 李爱杰 | 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 |
引用文本：
刘风琴,杨新,张拥军,李荣斌,李爱杰.铝电解废阴极炭块中氟化钠浸出动力学研究[J].有色金属（冶炼部分）,2021(2):93-99.
Liu Feng-qin,Yang Xin,Zhang Yong-jun,Li Rong-bin,Li Ai-jie.Study on Leaching Kinetics of Sodium Fluoride in Waste Cathodes of Aluminum Reduction Cells[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2021(2):93-99.
刘风琴,杨新,张拥军,李荣斌,李爱杰.铝电解废阴极炭块中氟化钠浸出动力学研究[J].有色金属（冶炼部分）,2021(2):93-99.
Liu Feng-qin,Yang Xin,Zhang Yong-jun,Li Rong-bin,Li Ai-jie.Study on Leaching Kinetics of Sodium Fluoride in Waste Cathodes of Aluminum Reduction Cells[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2021(2):93-99.
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